A remarkable archaeological discovery has been made in the ancient city of Alabanda, located in Turkey’s western Aydin province. Excavations have revealed significant fragments of a marble statue representing the Roman Emperor Publius Aelius Traianus Hadrianus, shedding light on the impressive Roman influence in Anatolia during the early second century AD.
The Ancient City of Alabanda
Today, the ancient city of Alabanda resides within the Doğanyurt village in the Çine District and boasts a rich historical legacy. The name “Alabanda” originates from the Carian terms for horse (Ala) and race (Banda), referencing a horse race won by King Kar’s son, Alabandos, as recorded by the Byzantine historian Stephanos. Covering around 500 hectares, Alabanda stands as one of the largest ancient towns in the region, underscoring its historical significance.
Ongoing Excavations
Excavations have been underway since 2015, led by Professor Ali Yalçın Tavukçu from Erzurum Atatürk University’s Department of Archaeology. Considerable progress has been achieved, with numerous artifacts uncovered, including parts of the marble statue of Emperor Hadrianus. This statue, believed to be around 1,900 years old, was presumably transported to Aydın circa AD 120. Fragments have been located in various areas within the ancient parliament building of Alabanda, including portions of the head and body. Current efforts are focused on finding and piecing together the remaining sections. Once fully restored, the statue, standing at 2.5 meters tall, will be moved to the Aydın Archaeology Museum for further analysis and public exhibition.
Significance of the Discovery
The unearthing of the Hadrianus statue carries substantial historical and cultural implications. Umut Tuncer, the Director of Culture and Tourism for Aydın Province, emphasized the importance of displaying these artifacts at their original site. He believes that the completed statue will draw many visitors, enhancing global interest in this unique artifact. Professor Tavukçu reiterated the significance of this find, indicating that the fragments were discovered in the billiardium, one of Alabanda’s three main structures. He described the statue as a “portrait sculpture” of Emperor Hadrian, noted for his extensive journeys and campaigns in Anatolia. The statue’s presence suggests there may be an accompanying inscription commemorating Hadrian’s visit during his reign from 117 to 138 AD.
Historical Context of Alabanda
Alabanda’s archaeological landscape features an array of Hellenistic and Roman remnants, including imposing city walls, a theater, a senate house, and a structure for public assemblies. Other notable landmarks include The Temple of Apollo, an agora, and several mausoleums. Additionally, a Roman aqueduct can be found along Kemer Creek in the southern region of the site.
Conclusion
The discovery of Emperor Hadrianus’s statue in Alabanda significantly enhances our understanding of Roman history and its impact on Anatolia. As excavations progress and restoration efforts continue, new insights into Roman architecture and imperial influence in ancient Anatolia are expected to emerge. The future display of this extraordinary artifact at the Aydın Archaeology Museum will surely captivate historians and visitors alike, creating a meaningful connection between the past and present.
